The Pressure Calculator handles all common pressure computations. Calculate pressure from force and area (P = F/A), find hydrostatic pressure at depth, convert between pressure units, or find force from pressure and area.
The calculator supports four modes: basic pressure from force and area, hydrostatic pressure using fluid density and depth, a unit converter covering Pa, kPa, atm, bar, psi, and mmHg, and reverse calculation to find force from pressure and area.
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Pressure is defined as force per unit area: P = F/A. The SI unit of pressure is the Pascal (Pa), which equals one Newton per square metre. Pressure acts perpendicular to the surface on which the force is applied.
Hydrostatic pressure is the pressure exerted by a fluid at rest due to gravity. It increases linearly with depth according to P = rho times g times h, where rho is the fluid density, g is gravitational acceleration, and h is the depth below the surface.
The total pressure at a point underwater equals the atmospheric pressure plus the hydrostatic pressure. At sea level, atmospheric pressure is approximately 101,325 Pa (1 atm).
Common pressure units include Pascals (Pa), kilopascals (kPa), atmospheres (atm), bar, pounds per square inch (psi), and millimetres of mercury (mmHg). Each has specific applications: Pa and kPa in engineering, atm in chemistry, psi in tyre pressures, and mmHg in blood pressure readings.
Problem: A force of 500 N is applied over an area of 2 m squared. What is the pressure?
Solution: P = F/A = 500 / 2 = 250.
Answer: 250 Pa
Problem: What is the water pressure at a depth of 10 m? (density = 1000 kg/m cubed, g = 9.81 m/s squared)
Solution: P = rho * g * h = 1000 * 9.81 * 10 = 98100.
Answer: 98,100 Pa (about 0.968 atm)
Problem: Convert 1 atm to all common pressure units.
Solution: 1 atm = 101325 Pa = 101.325 kPa = 1.01325 bar = 14.696 psi = 760 mmHg.
Answer: See conversion table
Problem: A pressure of 300 Pa acts on a 4 m squared surface. What is the force?
Solution: F = P * A = 300 * 4 = 1200.
Answer: 1200 N
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