The Density Calculator helps you find density, mass, or volume using the fundamental relationship ρ = m/V. Choose a mode to calculate the unknown variable from the other two, or use the unit converter to switch between common density units.
Enter your values and get instant results with step-by-step working. The calculator supports kg/m³, g/cm³, lb/ft³, kg/L, and g/mL.
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Density is a measure of how much mass is contained in a given volume. It is one of the most fundamental physical properties of matter. The SI unit of density is kilograms per cubic metre (kg/m cubed).
The density formula is straightforward: rho = m / V, where rho is density, m is mass, and V is volume. This relationship can be rearranged to solve for any of the three variables.
Different materials have characteristic densities. Water has a density of approximately 1,000 kg/m cubed (1 g/cm cubed) at 4 degrees Celsius. Objects with density less than water float, while denser objects sink. This principle underpins Archimedes' principle of buoyancy.
Density depends on temperature and pressure. Most substances expand when heated, causing their density to decrease. Gases are particularly sensitive to pressure changes according to the ideal gas law.
Problem: A block has a mass of 500 kg and a volume of 0.25 m cubed. What is its density?
Solution: Apply the formula: rho = m / V = 500 / 0.25 = 2,000.
Answer: 2,000 kg/m cubed
Problem: A liquid has density 800 kg/m cubed and occupies 0.5 m cubed. What is its mass?
Solution: Rearrange: m = rho x V = 800 x 0.5 = 400.
Answer: 400 kg
Problem: A 1,000 kg steel beam has density 7,850 kg/m cubed. What is its volume?
Solution: Rearrange: V = m / rho = 1,000 / 7,850 = 0.1274.
Answer: 0.1274 m cubed
Problem: Convert 2,700 kg/m cubed to g/cm cubed.
Solution: 1 g/cm cubed = 1,000 kg/m cubed. So 2,700 / 1,000 = 2.7.
Answer: 2.7 g/cm cubed
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